Calculator
Enter numbers separated by commas or spaces. The same list is used for every result below.
How the results were found
1. Order the data
4, 7, 9, 10, 10
2. Find the mean
Sum = 40; mean = 40 / 5 = 8.
3. Find the middle and spread
Median = 9; range = largest value - smallest value = 6.
Method and variables
Descriptive Statistics Calculator
Formula: mean = sum(x) / n; population SD = sqrt(sum((x - mean)^2) / n)
Assumption: All entered values are numerical observations from the same data set and receive equal weight.
Worked example
Descriptive Statistics Calculator
For 4, 7, 9, 10 and 10, the mean is 40 / 5 = 8 and the median is 9.
Population or sample standard deviation?
For the data 4, 7, 9, 10, 10 the mean is 8 and the squared deviations sum to 16 + 1 + 1 + 4 + 4 = 26. Dividing by n = 5 gives the population variance 5.2 and standard deviation √5.2 ≈ 2.28. If the five values are a sample from a larger group, divide by n − 1 = 4 instead: variance 6.5 and standard deviation √6.5 ≈ 2.55.
| Measure | Value | What it tells you |
|---|---|---|
| Mean | 8 | the balance point of the data |
| Median | 9 | the middle value once sorted |
| Mode | 10 | the most frequent value |
| Range | 6 | largest minus smallest |
| Population SD | 2.28 | typical distance from the mean |
Use the sample formula when you want to estimate the spread of the whole population from a sample, as in most surveys and experiments.